I don't notice any performance hit at all with it set at 16x. (I've used it on a 9500GS and now an 8800 GTX OC.)
When UR and I release Breakshot, without this adjustment, it would look like this for many ...
(You'll notice the reel is clear, and the rest is blurry.)
Couldn't have that now, could we?

Noah, AF also sharpens more than plastics. I could show you a few example of how AF can really crispen up especially the upper portion of a PF. On a nice 2048x PF image you may not notice much, but if you take a
VP8 table with a so/so 1024x PF texture, start it up in
VP9, you'll notice some pretty major sharpening.
I was playing around with this a ton a couple months back. Damn what was the table that really showed off AF?
I wanna say it was
VP8 Mystery Castle, cuz it has that layered brick look, which is right up anisotropic filterings' alley! In fact, I should have brought this up in my Amazon Hunt release thread cuz I thought AF helped quite a bit on that table, mainly on the plastics for which I was still using my old 1024x texture that I sharpened up a tad in photoshop, but AF helped as well.
But even on nice tables with high rez textures made for
VP9, AF doesn't seem to hurt anything. Which is why I'm wondering if there is no harm in just leaving it on, performance wise.
I recall comparing AF vs no AF on UW's Monster Bash, could hardly notice any difference. But its a case where his textures were so high rez that AF can't possibly make them much better. Again, this is why you'll see more of a difference on
VP8 tables played in
VP9, or of course converted
VP9 tables.
Yup, AF & AA, one nice thing about
VP9.
As I said, if we can only get proper AA implemented in say VP10, we are in damn good shape visually! & techincally
VP would be taking advantage of the same modern tech that all other modern games do. But for now its lack of proper AA support is keeping it a bit dated.
Noah you are making Breakshot?
I just played a bunch of games on a mint condition one this past weekend. I had a good time on it, in fact I was starting to find it too easy, but was still fun, just a nice change of pace to play a single level modern pin. If you want playtesting or anything while this game is very fresh in my mind, let me know. There are definitely a couple unique things about Capcom pins like this one. For example, the pop bumpers are strong enough to kill somebody! Strongest bumpers I've ever seen, I dare to say.